In the 17th century, the Jesuit missionary Adam Schall von Bell arrived in China, where he was invited to the imperial court to share his knowledge of science and mathematics. His work, which included the creation of a new calendar, eventually led to his appointment as the head of the imperial astronomical bureau. However, his influence and the presence of other Jesuits in the imperial court became a source of conflict, leading to a trial that would have significant consequences for the Jesuits and their mission in China.