Byzantium, the last bastion of the Roman Empire, stood as a beacon of civilization for over a millennium. Founded in 330 AD by Constantine the Great, the city, later known as Constantinople, became the capital of the Eastern Roman Empire. Blending Roman, Greek, and Eastern influences, Byzantium flourished as a center of trade, culture, and religion. Its massive fortifications, including the famous Theodosian Walls, protected the city from invaders for centuries. Despite numerous challenges, including barbarian invasions, religious schisms, and economic turmoil, Byzantium endured as a symbol of resilience and cultural continuity. Its legacy can still be seen today in the vibrant mosaics, towering churches, and rich cultural heritage that remain from this remarkable era.
