The ultimate cosmic limit, also known as the Planck limit, represents the fundamental boundary at which the laws of physics as we understand them break down. It is a theoretical limit that defines the smallest scale at which spacetime and energy can be divided before quantum effects become dominant. At the Planck limit, the curvature of spacetime becomes so extreme and the gravitational forces so strong that our current understanding of physics becomes inapplicable. This limit is named after the physicist Max Planck, who first proposed it in 1900 as a way to reconcile the laws of classical physics with the emerging field of quantum mechanics.
