
Operation Barbarossa, launched on June 22, 1941, was the codename for Nazi Germany's invasion of the Soviet Union during World War II. This surprise attack, breaking the Molotov-Ribbentrop Pact, opened the Eastern Front, one of the largest and bloodiest theaters of war in history. The invasion aimed to conquer Soviet territory, destroy the Red Army, and establish Nazi hegemony. The vastness of the Soviet Union, combined with the fierce resistance of the Red Army and the harsh Russian winter, ultimately contributed to the failure of Operation Barbarossa, marking a turning point in the war.